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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/07 01:14:16
铝合金成型方法很多，目前大多是压铸和挤压成型；压铸的铝合金，多数为铝硅合金，由于铝跟硅的熔点、比重以及凝固点的不一致（铝的原子量26.98，硅的原子量28.09），在铝硅合金压铸过程当中容易造成偏折现象，产生富铝富硅态，这在大的平面压铸件表现更为突出，造成电镀处理的更加困难；金属铝的化学性质比较活泼，与氧的亲合力较强，在大气中极易在其表面生成一层氧化膜，甚至此氧化膜刚除去又会迅速重新生成新的氧化膜，严重影响镀层与基体铝的结合力；铝的电极电位较负， 约（-1.67v），很易失去电子， 在电解液中能与多种金属离子立即发生置换反应， 形成接触层，此种镀层疏松粗糙， 严重影响镀层结合力；铝的膨胀系统比许多金属镀层大，当温度差别变化大时，由于基体与镀层的膨胀系数不一致，易产生内应力而破坏镀层；铸铝件有砂眼、铸孔、气泡等，电镀中易残留槽液和氢气，引起化学和电化学腐蚀，产生镀层起泡和脱落。

目前各厂家用于压铸的铝合金牌号杂乱，其它金属杂质和硅含量都不一样，造成后道电镀处理的难上加难。

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There are many ways to forming aluminum, the most die-casting and extrusion molding; casting of aluminum alloy, for the majority of Al-Si alloys, due to the melting point of aluminum with silicon, and the proportion of freezing point of inconsistency (26.98 atomic weight of aluminum, silicon atomic weight of 28.09 ), In Al-Si alloy die-casting process easy for the deflection phenomenon, a silicon-rich Al-rich state, which in large plane Die Casting performance more prominent, causing more difficult to deal with electroplating, metal and chemical properties of aluminum relatively lively, And the oxygen-strong force, in the atmosphere generated easily on its surface layer of oxide film, or even just to remove the oxide film will be quickly re-create a new oxide film, which has seriously affected coating and the base of the combination of aluminum; Aluminum Electrode potential than the negative, about (-1.67 v), very easy to lose electronics, in the electrolyte with